Emile Durkheim s Influence On Anthropology, Religion, Law...

In this essay I will produce a biography of Emile Durkheim and outline his contribution to criminological thought. â€Å"Emile Durkheim is one of the most influential figures in Western sociology.† He is accountable for authenticating society as a focus of study and for institutionalising sociology as an academic subject. Durkheim demonstrated that sociology has its own distinctive subject matter that could be studied scientifically. His work influenced many areas, in particular, his idea of society as a moral construct has had a great impact on anthropology, history, religion, law and political theory. Although he was known for his advanced work in sociological theory, Durkheim took an interest in criminology. He believed that society was than social interaction between its members, instead he argued that it was a reality that exists over and above individuals. Durkheim was born in the town of Epinal in France on April 15, 1858. His family were Ashkenazic Jews, however once Durkheim attended secondary school, he stopped practicing Judaism and became an agonistic. Despite his lack of belief in Judaism, his Jewish ancestry had an impact on his life. For example, Durkheim faced anti-Semitism when the Jews were accused by the French establishment of betraying the nation as a symptom of moral pathology. After studying at the College d’Epinal and the Lycee-le-Grand high school, Durkheim attended one of the most prestigious universities, the Ecole Normale Superieure, the traditionalShow MoreRelatedSociology : A Sociological Perspective1292 Words   |  6 Pagesinspired by Hegelian Idea Emile Durkheim- French Sociologist Feared and Hated social disorders Max Weber- German Philosopher Ideas as simple reflection of economic factors Who is Auguste Comte Born: January 19, 1798 in Paris, France Death: September 5, 1857 due to stomach cancer Gave Sociology its name- Father of Sociology A huge influence in the 19th century A mathematician and a scientist Separated Society into two categories Social Statics Social dynamics Developed the Law of 3 Stages TheologicalRead MoreDurkheims Account of the Importance of Rituals in Modern Society2939 Words   |  12 Pagesmodern society Durkheim’s theories on ritual are an integral part of his work on religion, outlined in his book ‘The Elementary Forms of Religious Life’. Rites are defined by Durkheim as ‘determined modes of action’ (Durkheim, 1915, pg. 36). They are ceremonies that are active expressions of particular beliefs or aspects of a religion. It is necessary to consider and assess the theories on religion before examining and assessing those on rites and ritual specifically. Durkheim studied Australian totemRead MoreThe Key Ideas of the Enlightenment Essay1865 Words   |  8 Pagesrational basis for making judgements about ethics, epistemology and reason, and for these two, that basis was to be found in the autonomous use of reason. The beginnings of questions about society emerged with new ideas about the social contract and political order (Locke, Rousseau and Hobbes) and initiated the liberal condition. Before such questionings, ‘society’, often called the ‘common-wealth’, was assumed to be either divine or naturally ordered so this is how the idea of ‘society’ as separatedRead MoreHerbert Spencer Essay13142 Words   |  53 Pages | Herbert Spencer (1820-1903) was an English philosopher, scientist, engineer, and political economist. In his day his works were important in popularizing the concept of evolution and played an important part in the development of economics, political science, biology, and philosophy. Herbert Spencer was born in Derby on April 27, 1820. His childhood, described in An Autobiography (1904), reflected the attitudes ofRead MoreCompare and Contrast Functionalism and Structuralism14315 Words   |  58 Pagesincident portrayed in the press. This was not an example of horriï ¬ c human callousness as they claimed. At about the same time, but coming from a completely different direction, another psychologist, Frances Cherry (Cherry 2007), drawing upon feminist theory, argued that the sexist assumptions, prevalent in the 1960s, were a more likely explanation of what happened. In those days, she said, a lot of men’s violence towards women was not really treated as a crime. The police in the USA and the UK usuallyRead MoreRastafarian79520 Words   |  319 Pages(maker) All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, without the prior permission in writing of Oxford University Press, or as expressly permitted by law, or under terms agreed with the appropriate reprographics rights organization. Enquiries concerning reproduction outside the scope of the above should be sent to the Rights Department, Oxford University Press, at the address above You must not circulateRead MoreOrganisational Theory230255 Words   |  922 Pages. Organization Theory Challenges and Perspectives John McAuley, Joanne Duberley and Phil Johnson . This book is, to my knowledge, the most comprehensive and reliable guide to organisational theory currently available. What is needed is a text that will give a good idea of the breadth and complexity of this important subject, and this is precisely what McAuley, Duberley and Johnson have provided. They have done some sterling service in bringing together the very diverse strands of work

Partnership Versus Public Ownership of Accounting Firms

Question: Discuss about the Partnership Versus Public Ownership of Accounting Firms. Answer: Introduction This research study gives the theoretical points of view with considering the partnership relationship which is focused to be most efficient forms of ownership in regarding the professional service firms. The research provides the comparative performance of the PSF with the creation of conflict between PLCs and the partnerships. The study also depicts the exploration of the Australian Accounting PLCs which is achieved by the comparison of the similar sized accounting firms. Henceforth the need of the research depicts the exploration of the market, service focus and the organizational structures with the appropriate utilization of the resources[1]. The further research also depicts the creation of exploration for the performance and thereby the measurement is made accordingly with the measurement of the companys annual report. Rapid growth is also identified with mitigating the risk factors that are seemed to be identified in the case of performance measurement provided in the article . Research Questions The article main focus is to determine and evaluate partnership versus public ownership of accounting firms. The article seeks to explore relative performance of public corporation ownership and partnership ownership for accounting firms. The paper also shows the knowledge of data sources and performance measures used to compare the performance of different legal forms[2]. It is widely observed that the partnership accounting firms are better than the public ownership accounting firms in terms of performance. Partnerships are also associated unlimited responsibility where the partners are liable for the action of the other partners of the firm. Is efficiency of partnership accounting firm superior compared to the public ownership accounting firm? Despite of advantages of partnership firm what is reason behind the current trend of public ownership accounting firm? Do proxy performance measures accurately reflect the accounting firms performance. Do budgeted income reported in the surveys of the published industry provide a reflection of real income achieved? Were constant measures as well as calculation measures, which are used around the period of top 100 surveys of BRW? Question Explored Comparing performance of the organizations How to public accounting firms perform in comparison to partnerships? The research method include comparing per person (2000 to 2005) and revenue growth (1999 to 2005) for two public listed accounting companies in Australia and 10 mid tier partnerships[3]. Exploring validity of the proxy measures Do proxy measures estimates of performance reflect the performance of the accounting firms? The financial performance of two public listed accounting firms are compared by using proxy measures (revenue per person and revenue growth rate) for the year June 30 2002[4]. The proxy measures were found not to be reflective of disparate financial performance of the organizations The reviewed reports of revenue per person survey for outlier organizations with extremely low or high revenue per person and also investigated reasons by analyzing published reports of media sin electronic database of magazine articles and newspaper The productivity measures reported in the BRW utilities at the end of the year and the numbers may understate the high growth productive of PLCs[5]. The revenue per person was calculated using t he average number of staff for the year and the personal numbers was underrated the productivity of PLC in comparison to partnership Exploring quality of the published industry Does the budgeted revenue numbers reported are seemed to be published in the industrial survey with creating the appropriate reflection towards the actual revenues achieved? With the comparison of the survey of the BRW survey data, the pushing of the annual reports are made in order to create the similar findings with the consideration of the annual reports of the considered firms[6]. It also helps in implicating the explored resources with the usage of the reported budget and thereby the nine observations are identified in the prior year of the BRW survey. Differentiations are created with the mergers and the demergers. Conclusion The available measurement of the proxy is determined in this study which is seemed to be depicted in the case study and thereby the partnership performance measurement is created in the form of the samples of the lower level. Potential ways are enabled for the creation of greater growth and therefore the partnership includes greater growth with accessing the capital firm and companies shares. References Demer, B, R Krishnan, K Sedatole, A Woods, "Do the incentive effects of relative performance measurement vary with the ex ante probability of promotion?". inManagement Accounting Research, 30, 2016, 18-31. Fan, Q, "Earnings Management and Ownership Retention for Initial Public Offering Firms: Theory and Evidence". inThe Accounting Review, 82, 2007, 27-64. Mark E., P, "Partnership Versus Public Ownership of Accounting Firms: Exploring Relative Performance, Performance Measurement and Measurement Issues". inRo.uow.edu.au, , 2016, https://ro.uow.edu.au/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1368context=aabfj [accessed 7 September 2016]. Pickering, M, "An Exploratory Study of Profit Reporting Differences of Publicly Owned Professional Service Firms and Partnerships". inAustralian Accounting Review, 25, 2015, 262-278. Poulsen, A M Stegemoller, "Moving from Private to Public Ownership: Selling Out to Public Firms versus Initial Public Offerings". inFinancial Management, 37, 2008, 81-101. Stacey, N, A Izurieta, S Garnett, "Collaborative Measurement of Performance of Jointly Managed Protected Areas in Northern Australia". inEcology and Society, 18, 2013.